Phantom limb pain treatment

Treatment options are limited and there is no consensus among experts regarding which treatment is optimal. Pharmacologic options include opioids, anticonvulsants, antidepressants (amitriptyline, [TCA] and nortriptyline and desipramine [secondary amines]), pregabalin, and memantine (oral NMDA receptor antagonist). Non-pharmacologic treatment includes transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), deep brain stimulation, spinal cord stimulation, sympathetic blockade, acupuncture, and virtual reality/mirror therapies. Of note, acetaminophen is NOT effective.

Phantom Limb Pain Treatment

•    Pharmacologic: opioids, anticonvulsants, antidepressants (amitriptyline, [TCA] and nortriptyline and desipramine [secondary amines]), pregabalin, and memantine

•    Non-Pharmacologic: TENS, deep brain stimulation, spinal cord stimulation, sympathetic blockade, accupuncture, and virtual reality/mirror therapies

Similar keyword: Phantom limb pain: Initial Rx